Amalambu okuhlinza angenathunzi asetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa indawo yokuhlinza ukuze kubhekwe kangcono izinto ezincane, ezimehluko ophansi ekujuleni okuhlukene ekusikeni nasekulawuleni umzimba.Njengoba ikhanda, izandla nezinsimbi zomqhubi zingase zibangele izithunzi eziphazamisayo endaweni yokuhlinzwa, isibani sokuhlinzwa esingenathunzi kufanele senzelwe ukuqeda izithunzi ngangokunokwenzeka futhi sinciphise ukuhlanekezela kombala.Ngaphezu kwalokho, isibani esingenamthunzi kufanele sikwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokukhanyisa ukushisa okukhulu, ngoba ukushisa ngokweqile kuzokwenza opharetha angakhululeki futhi omise izicubu endaweni yokuhlinzwa.
Amalambu okuhlinza angenathunzi ngokuvamile akhiwa amakepisi amalambu angawodwa noma amaningi, agxilwa ku-cantilever futhi angahamba aqonde phezulu noma ngomjikelezo.I-cantilever ivamise ukuxhunywa ku-coupler engaguquki futhi ingakwazi ukuyizungeza.Isibani esingenasithunzi sisebenzisa isibambo esibulala amagciwane noma ihupho eliyinyumba (ithrekhi egobile) ukuze likwazi ukuguquguquka, futhi linomsebenzi wokubhuleka nokuma okuzenzakalelayo ukuze lilawule ukuma kwalo.Igcina indawo efanelekile ngaphakathi naseduze kwendawo yokuhlinza.Idivayisi ehleliwe yesibani esingenamthunzi ingafakwa endaweni ehleliwe ophahleni noma odongeni, futhi ingafakwa futhi kumzila wophahla.
Kumalambu angenathunzi afakwe ophahleni, i-transformer eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kufanele ifakwe ebhokisini lesilawuli kude kusilingi noma odongeni ukuze kuguqule amandla kagesi okufakwayo abe amandla kagesi aphansi adingwa amalambu amaningi.Izibani eziningi ezingenathunzi zinesilawuli esifiphalayo, futhi eminye imikhiqizo ingaphinda ilungise ububanzi benkambu yokukhanya ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhanya okuzungeze indawo yokuhlinza (imifanekiso kanye nokubaneka okuvela kumashidi ombhede, i-gauze noma izinsimbi kungenza amehlo angakhululeki).
Kungani isibani esingenathunzi “singenasithunzi”?
Izithunzi zakhiwe izinto ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo.Amathunzi ahlukene yonke indawo emhlabeni.Uma uqaphela ngokucophelela isithunzi ngaphansi kokukhanya kagesi, uzothola ukuthi phakathi kwesithunzi kumnyama ikakhulukazi, futhi indawo ezungezile ayishoni kancane.Ingxenye emnyama ikakhulukazi phakathi nesithunzi ibizwa ngokuthi i-umbra, futhi ingxenye emnyama ezungezile ibizwa ngokuthi i-penumbra.Ukwenzeka kwalezi zenzakalo kuhlobene eduze nokusakazeka kokukhanya ngomugqa.Uma ubeka i-cylindrical tea caddy etafuleni bese ukhanyisa ikhandlela eduze kwayo, i-tea caddy izokhipha isithunzi esicacile.Uma amakhandlela amabili akhanyiswa eduze kwe-canister yetiye, kuzokwakhiwa izithunzi ezimbili ezigqagqene.Ingxenye egqagqene yezithunzi ezimbili ayinakho nhlobo ukukhanya, futhi imnyama bhuqe.Lesi isambulela;indawo lapho kunekhandlela kuphela eduze kwe-umbra ikhanya kancane futhi imnyama kancane.Uma ukhanyisa amakhandlela amathathu noma amane, i-umbra izoncipha kancane kancane, futhi i-penumbra izoba nezingqimba eziningi.Izinto zingakwazi ukukhiqiza izithunzi ezakhiwe i-umbra ne-penumbra ngaphansi kokukhanya kukagesi, okuyisizathu futhi.Ngokusobala, indawo enkulu yento ekhanyayo, i-umbra incane.Uma sikhanyisa indilinga yamakhandlela eduze kwe-caddy yetiye, i-umbra iyanyamalala ngokuphelele futhi i-penumbra iba buthuntu kakhulu ukuthi ingabonwa.Ososayensi benza isibani esingenathunzi sokuhlinzwa ngokusekelwe ezimisweni ezingenhla.Ihlela izibani ngokukhanya okuphezulu okukhanyayo zibe yindilinga ephaneli yesibani ukuze zakhe umthombo wokukhanya wendawo enkulu.Ngale ndlela, ukukhanya kungenziwa i-irradiated etafuleni lokusebenza kusuka ezinhlangothini ezahlukene, okungagcini nje ukuqinisekisa ukuthi insimu yokuhlinzwa inokukhanya okwanele, kodwa futhi ayikhiqizi i-umbra ecacile, ngakho ibizwa ngokuthi isibani esingenamthunzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-18-2021